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Japanese verb悲しむ (kanashimu) Conjugation
悲しむ (kanashimu) means “to be sad, to mourn for, to regret”. It is a う-verb (godan) verb. It is an う-verb (godan): the last sound changes, 悲しまない and 悲しみます, and the te-form is 悲しんで. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to be sad, to mourn for, to regret
- Type
- う-verb (godan)
- Dictionary form
- 悲しむ
- Reading
- かなしむ
- Romaji
- kanashimu
- Masu form
- 悲しみます
- Nai form
- 悲しまない
- Te-form
- 悲しんで
- Ta form
- 悲しんだ
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | 悲しむ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまない |
| Polite | 悲しみます |
| Polite negative | 悲しみません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | 悲しんだ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまなかった |
| Polite | 悲しみました |
| Polite negative | 悲しみませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | 悲しんで |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | 悲しんでいる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しんでいない |
| Polite | 悲しんでいます |
| Polite negative | 悲しんでいません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | 悲しみたい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しみたくない |
| Polite | 悲しみたいです |
| Polite negative | 悲しみたくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | 悲しもう |
|---|---|
| Polite | 悲しみましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | 悲しめ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | 悲しむな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | 悲しんでください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | 悲しまないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | 悲しめる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しめない |
| Polite | 悲しめます |
| Polite negative | 悲しめません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | 悲しめば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | 悲しんだら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | 悲しまれる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまれない |
| Polite | 悲しまれます |
| Polite negative | 悲しまれません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | 悲しませる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しませない |
| Polite | 悲しませます |
| Polite negative | 悲しませません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | 悲しまされる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 悲しまされない |
| Polite | 悲しまされます |
| Polite negative | 悲しまされません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- 診る (miru)to examine, to have a look at, to check
- 送り込む (okurikomu)to send in
- 待ち望む (machinozomu)to wait eagerly for, to look forward to
- 定まる (sadamaru)to become settled, to be fixed
- 投げ出す (nagedasu)to throw down, to throw out, to stretch out
- 踏ん張る (funbaru)to brace one's legs
- 飛び交う (tobikau)to fly about, to flutter about, to flit about
- 沸かす (wakasu)to boil, to heat, to prepare
- 暴れる (abareru)to act violently, to rage, to struggle
- 戻す (modosu)to put back, to return, to give back
- 役に立つ (yakunitatsu)to be helpful, to be useful
- 預かる (azukaru)to look after, to take care of, to keep
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens 悲しむ (kanashimu) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.