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Japanese verb応える (kotaeru) Conjugation
応える (kotaeru) means “to respond, to answer, to meet”. It is a る-verb (ichidan) verb. It is a る-verb (ichidan): drop the る and add the ending, so 応えます, 応えない, 応えて. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to respond, to answer, to meet
- Type
- る-verb (ichidan)
- Dictionary form
- 応える
- Reading
- こたえる
- Romaji
- kotaeru
- Masu form
- 応えます
- Nai form
- 応えない
- Te-form
- 応えて
- Ta form
- 応えた
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | 応える |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えない |
| Polite | 応えます |
| Polite negative | 応えません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | 応えた |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えなかった |
| Polite | 応えました |
| Polite negative | 応えませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | 応えて |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | 応えている |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えていない |
| Polite | 応えています |
| Polite negative | 応えていません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | 応えたい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えたくない |
| Polite | 応えたいです |
| Polite negative | 応えたくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | 応えよう |
|---|---|
| Polite | 応えましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | 応えろ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | 応えるな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | 応えてください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | 応えないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | 応えられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えられない |
| Polite | 応えられます |
| Polite negative | 応えられません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | 応えれば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | 応えたら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | 応えられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えられない |
| Polite | 応えられます |
| Polite negative | 応えられません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | 応えさせる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えさせない |
| Polite | 応えさせます |
| Polite negative | 応えさせません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | 応えさせられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 応えさせられない |
| Polite | 応えさせられます |
| Polite negative | 応えさせられません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- 放る (houru)to throw, to fling, to hurl
- 訪ねる (tazuneru)to visit, to call on, to pay a visit to
- 包む (tsutsumu)to wrap up, to pack, to bundle
- 追っかける (okkakeru)to chase, to run after, to pursue
- 務める (tsutomeru)to serve as, to act as, to fill
- 囲む (kakomu)to surround, to encircle, to enclose
- 下げる (sageru)to hang, to suspend, to wear
- 巻き込む (makikomu)to roll up, to enfold, to swallow up
- 掲げる (kakageru)to put up, to hang out, to fly
- 持ち込む (mochikomu)to bring in, to take in, to carry in
- 受け止める (uketomeru)to catch, to stop the blow
- 襲う (osou)to attack, to assail, to make an assault
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens 応える (kotaeru) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.