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Japanese verbつらい (tsurai) Conjugation
つらい (tsurai) means “painful, bitter, heart-breaking”. It is a い-adjective verb. It is an い-adjective: the final い changes, so つらくない, つらかった, つらくて. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- painful, bitter, heart-breaking
- Type
- い-adjective
- Dictionary form
- つらい
- Romaji
- tsurai
- Negative
- つらくない
- Past
- つらかった
- Te-form
- つらくて
- Adverb
- つらく
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | つらい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | つらくない |
| Polite | つらいです |
| Polite negative | つらくないです |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | つらかった |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | つらくなかった |
| Polite | つらかったです |
| Polite negative | つらくなかったです |
Te-formて形
| Plain | つらくて |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | つらくなくて |
Can and if
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | つらければ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | つらくなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | つらかったら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | つらくなかったら |
Adjectives
Adverb (adjectives)連用形
| Adverb | つらく |
|---|
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- しょうがない (shouganai)there's no way
- うまい (umai)skillful, skilful, skilled
- 手早い (tebayai)nimble, quick, agile
- 臭い (kusai)stinking, smelly
- 重たい (omotai)heavy, weighty
- 心地よい (kokochiyoi)comfortable, pleasant
- みずみずしい (mizumizushii)fresh and youthful, lively, vibrant
- すごい (sugoi)terrible, dreadful
- もろい (moroi)brittle, fragile, weak
- 切ない (setsunai)painful, heartrending, trying
- きりがない (kiriganai)endless, boundless, innumerable
- 羨ましい (urayamashii)envious, jealous
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens つらい (tsurai) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.