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Japanese verbいる (iru) Conjugation
いる (iru) means “to be (people, animals)”. It is a る-verb (ichidan) verb. It is a る-verb (ichidan): drop the る and add the ending, so います, いない, いて. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to be (people, animals)
- Type
- る-verb (ichidan)
- Dictionary form
- いる
- Romaji
- iru
- Masu form
- います
- Nai form
- いない
- Te-form
- いて
- Ta form
- いた
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | いる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いない |
| Polite | います |
| Polite negative | いません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | いた |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いなかった |
| Polite | いました |
| Polite negative | いませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | いて |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | いている |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いていない |
| Polite | いています |
| Polite negative | いていません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | いたい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いたくない |
| Polite | いたいです |
| Polite negative | いたくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | いよう |
|---|---|
| Polite | いましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | いろ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | いるな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | いてください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | いないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | いられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いられない |
| Polite | いられます |
| Polite negative | いられません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | いれば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | いたら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | いられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いられない |
| Polite | いられます |
| Polite negative | いられません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | いさせる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いさせない |
| Polite | いさせます |
| Polite negative | いさせません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | いさせられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | いさせられない |
| Polite | いさせられます |
| Polite negative | いさせられません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens いる (iru) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.