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Japanese verb返す (kaesu) Conjugation
返す (kaesu) means “to give back”. It is a う-verb (godan) verb. It is an う-verb (godan): the last sound changes, 返さない and 返します, and the te-form is 返して. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to give back
- Type
- う-verb (godan)
- Dictionary form
- 返す
- Reading
- かえす
- Romaji
- kaesu
- Masu form
- 返します
- Nai form
- 返さない
- Te-form
- 返して
- Ta form
- 返した
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | 返す |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返さない |
| Polite | 返します |
| Polite negative | 返しません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | 返した |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返さなかった |
| Polite | 返しました |
| Polite negative | 返しませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | 返して |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返さないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | 返している |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返していない |
| Polite | 返しています |
| Polite negative | 返していません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | 返したい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返したくない |
| Polite | 返したいです |
| Polite negative | 返したくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | 返そう |
|---|---|
| Polite | 返しましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | 返せ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | 返すな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | 返してください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | 返さないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | 返せる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返せない |
| Polite | 返せます |
| Polite negative | 返せません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | 返せば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返さなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | 返したら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返さなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | 返される |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返されない |
| Polite | 返されます |
| Polite negative | 返されません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | 返させる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返させない |
| Polite | 返させます |
| Polite negative | 返させません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | 返させられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 返させられない |
| Polite | 返させられます |
| Polite negative | 返させられません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- 送る (okuru)to send
- 考える (kangaeru)to think about, to consider
- 決める (kimeru)to decide
- 答える (kotaeru)to answer
- 貸す (kasu)to lend
- 借りる (kariru)to borrow
- 洗う (arau)to wash
- 浴びる (abiru)to take (a shower)
- 歌う (utau)to sing
- 弾く (hiku)to play (an instrument)
- 撮る (toru)to take (a photo)
- 押す (osu)to push, to press
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens 返す (kaesu) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.