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Japanese verb固める (katameru) Conjugation
固める (katameru) means “to harden, to freeze, to strengthen”. It is a る-verb (ichidan) verb. It is a る-verb (ichidan): drop the る and add the ending, so 固めます, 固めない, 固めて. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to harden, to freeze, to strengthen
- Type
- る-verb (ichidan)
- Dictionary form
- 固める
- Reading
- かためる
- Romaji
- katameru
- Masu form
- 固めます
- Nai form
- 固めない
- Te-form
- 固めて
- Ta form
- 固めた
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | 固める |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めない |
| Polite | 固めます |
| Polite negative | 固めません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | 固めた |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めなかった |
| Polite | 固めました |
| Polite negative | 固めませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | 固めて |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | 固めている |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めていない |
| Polite | 固めています |
| Polite negative | 固めていません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | 固めたい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めたくない |
| Polite | 固めたいです |
| Polite negative | 固めたくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | 固めよう |
|---|---|
| Polite | 固めましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | 固めろ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | 固めるな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | 固めてください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | 固めないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | 固められる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固められない |
| Polite | 固められます |
| Polite negative | 固められません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | 固めれば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | 固めたら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | 固められる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固められない |
| Polite | 固められます |
| Polite negative | 固められません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | 固めさせる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めさせない |
| Polite | 固めさせます |
| Polite negative | 固めさせません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | 固めさせられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 固めさせられない |
| Polite | 固めさせられます |
| Polite negative | 固めさせられません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- 感じる (kanjiru)to feel, to sense, to experience
- 寄せる (yoseru)to come near, to let someone approach
- 及ぶ (oyobu)to reach, to amount to, to befall
- 強める (tsuyomeru)to strengthen, to emphasize, to emphasise
- 備える (sonaeru)to furnish with, to equip with, to provide
- 繰り返す (kurikaesu)to repeat, to do over again
- 語らう (katarau)to talk, to tell, to recite
- 語る (kataru)to talk about, to speak of, to tell
- 攻める (semeru)to attack, to assault, to assail
- 細かい (komakai)small
- 守る (mamoru)to protect, to guard, to defend
- 重ねる (kasaneru)to pile up, to heap up, to stack up
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens 固める (katameru) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.