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Japanese verb控える (hikaeru) Conjugation
控える (hikaeru) means “to be temperate in, to refrain, to abstain”. It is a る-verb (ichidan) verb. It is a る-verb (ichidan): drop the る and add the ending, so 控えます, 控えない, 控えて. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to be temperate in, to refrain, to abstain
- Type
- る-verb (ichidan)
- Dictionary form
- 控える
- Reading
- ひかえる
- Romaji
- hikaeru
- Masu form
- 控えます
- Nai form
- 控えない
- Te-form
- 控えて
- Ta form
- 控えた
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | 控える |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えない |
| Polite | 控えます |
| Polite negative | 控えません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | 控えた |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えなかった |
| Polite | 控えました |
| Polite negative | 控えませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | 控えて |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | 控えている |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えていない |
| Polite | 控えています |
| Polite negative | 控えていません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | 控えたい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えたくない |
| Polite | 控えたいです |
| Polite negative | 控えたくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | 控えよう |
|---|---|
| Polite | 控えましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | 控えろ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | 控えるな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | 控えてください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | 控えないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | 控えられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えられない |
| Polite | 控えられます |
| Polite negative | 控えられません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | 控えれば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | 控えたら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | 控えられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えられない |
| Polite | 控えられます |
| Polite negative | 控えられません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | 控えさせる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えさせない |
| Polite | 控えさせます |
| Polite negative | 控えさせません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | 控えさせられる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 控えさせられない |
| Polite | 控えさせられます |
| Polite negative | 控えさせられません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- 分ける (wakeru)to divide, to split, to part
- 離れる (hanareru)to be separated, to be apart, to be distant
- 運ぶ (hakobu)to carry, to transport, to move
- 応じる (oujiru)to respond, to answer, to reply
- 努める (tsutomeru)to endeavor, to endeavour, to try hard
- 欠かす (kakasu)to miss, to fail
- 殺す (korosu)to kill, to slay, to murder
- 失う (ushinau)to lose
- 終える (oeru)to finish, to get through with, to complete
- 打つ (utsu)to hit, to strike, to knock
- 放る (houru)to throw, to fling, to hurl
- 訪ねる (tazuneru)to visit, to call on, to pay a visit to
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens 控える (hikaeru) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.