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Japanese verb座る (suwaru) Conjugation
座る (suwaru) means “to sit”. It is a う-verb (godan) verb. It is an う-verb (godan): the last sound changes, 座らない and 座ります, and the te-form is 座って. Below is its conjugation in all 14 forms, plain and polite, the same forms the Japanese verb conjugation worksheets print in their answer keys.
- Meaning
- to sit
- Type
- う-verb (godan)
- Dictionary form
- 座る
- Reading
- すわる
- Romaji
- suwaru
- Masu form
- 座ります
- Nai form
- 座らない
- Te-form
- 座って
- Ta form
- 座った
Basic forms
Present現在形・辞書形
| Plain | 座る |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らない |
| Polite | 座ります |
| Polite negative | 座りません |
Past過去形・た形
| Plain | 座った |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らなかった |
| Polite | 座りました |
| Polite negative | 座りませんでした |
Te-formて形
| Plain | 座って |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らないで |
Progressive (-te iru)ている
| Plain | 座っている |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座っていない |
| Polite | 座っています |
| Polite negative | 座っていません |
Wanting, inviting, telling
Want to (-tai)たい形
| Plain | 座りたい |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座りたくない |
| Polite | 座りたいです |
| Polite negative | 座りたくないです |
Volitional意向形
| Plain | 座ろう |
|---|---|
| Polite | 座りましょう |
Imperative and requests命令形
| Plain command | 座れ |
|---|---|
| Plain negative (don't) | 座るな |
| Polite request (-te kudasai) | 座ってください |
| Polite negative (-naide kudasai) | 座らないでください |
Can and if
Potential可能形
| Plain | 座れる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座れない |
| Polite | 座れます |
| Polite negative | 座れません |
Conditional (-ba)仮定形・ば
| Plain | 座れば |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らなければ |
Conditional (-tara)たら
| Plain | 座ったら |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らなかったら |
Passive and causative
Passive受身形
| Plain | 座られる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座られない |
| Polite | 座られます |
| Polite negative | 座られません |
Causative使役形
| Plain | 座らせる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らせない |
| Polite | 座らせます |
| Polite negative | 座らせません |
Causative passive使役受身形
| Plain | 座らされる |
|---|---|
| Plain negative | 座らされない |
| Polite | 座らされます |
| Polite negative | 座らされません |
More common Japanese verbs and adjectives
- 泳ぐ (oyogu)to swim
- 歩く (aruku)to walk
- 走る (hashiru)to run
- 乗る (noru)to ride, to get on
- 降りる (oriru)to get off
- 立つ (tatsu)to stand
- 開ける (akeru)to open
- 閉める (shimeru)to close, to shut
- 始まる (hajimaru)to begin
- 終わる (owaru)to end, to finish
- 教える (oshieru)to teach, to tell
- 習う (narau)to learn, to take lessons in
About these tables
The forms are built from Wiktionary's conjugation tables, and they are the ones the Japanese verb conjugation worksheet generator prints, so a chart or answer key made there matches this page. That page explains how the forms were checked.
Print this verb chart opens 座る (suwaru) on the worksheet preview with every form filled in, ready to print on A4 or US Letter or save as PDF. To practice it with other verbs and adjectives, the generator also makes blank conjugation boxes and quick quizzes with answer keys. To practice online instead, the Japanese verb conjugation quiz marks each form as you type it.
Verbs, adjectives and their meanings come from JMdict, the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. The forms are built by the standard rules, with the irregular ones written out.